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Wednesday, January 24, 2018

Adenomyosis

What is Adenomyosis?
Adenomyosis is a condition that occurs when endometrial tissue, which normally lines the outside of the uterus, abnormally moves into the outer muscular walls of the uterus and thickens the uterine walls. It leads to heavy, painful menstrual bleeding, or bleeding that lasts longer than your usual period.

There are three categorizations of this condition, namely focal adenomyosis which is on one side of the uterus, adenomyoma which is more extensive than focal adenomyosis, and diffuse adenomyosis which spread throughout the area. The condition usually goes away after menopause, when estrogen levels decline.

Symptoms of Adenomyosis
Signs and symptoms that you may have developed adenomyosis are varied in their severity. These include heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, painful menstruation, experiencing pain during intercourse, bleeding between periods, passing blood clots during your period, uncomfortable urination, abdominal pressure or tenderness and bloating.

Causes of Adenomyosis
Exactly what causes this condition is not yet known, but specialists believe that the causes may be linked to invasive abnormal tissue growth that can occur due to childbirth surgery or during normal uterine activities, developmental origins such as extra tissues that are formed before birth and grow as you become older, uterine inflammation related to childbirth, and
stem cell origins in the uterine wall. Tissue trauma or vaginal injury may also cause the growth in tissue.

Risk factors of Adenomyosis
Women with certain factors are more at risk of developing adenomyosis. These factors include age, experiencing childbirth multiple times, and having had uterine surgery in the past. Women in their 40s and 50s are at a higher risk of developing adenomyosis, prior to menopause. However, younger women can also get this disease. Women who have had cesarean sections to give birth are at risk as well.

Complications of Adenomyosis
If left untreated or allowed to worsen, adenomyosis can lead to complications. These include decreased fertility rates, depression, irritability, anxiety, experiencing feelings of helplessness and chronic anemia due to blood loss. Patients with adenomyosis are also likely to develop endometriosis, another metaplasia condition linked with adenomyosis. This condition can also have a physical, emotional and psychological toll on the patient, especially due to the pain experienced during the course of the illness.

Diagnosis of Adenomyosis
A preliminary examination of the signs and symptoms is conducted to give the doctor an idea if what the patient is going through, even though the diagnosis of this particular disease can be tricky. The condition shares symptoms with other issues, such as tumors. Therefore, your doctor will need to check your uterus for swelling, and conduct other thorough tests to ensure that the patient is indeed afflicted with adenomyosis. Further diagnosis of adenomyosis involves tests such as pelvic exam, ultrasound imaging of the uterus to eliminate the possibility of other issues, MRI of the uterus to get a high-resolution scan of the area and a biopsy of endometrial tissue.


Treatment of Adenomyosis
Treatments for adenomyosis include homeopathic treatments, acupuncture and acupressure treatments, conventional or allopathic treatments through medication, surgical procedures, dietary and herbal treatments, and others.

Homeopathic Treatment of Adenomyosis
Homeopathy helps in targeting the symptoms of adenomyosis, acting to reducing pain and inflammation. Homeopathic medication can also help to recover normal tissue. Homeopathic treatment focuses on the patient as a person, examining their physical and mental condition and keeping track of past medical history and preferences. This kind of treatment can help balance the body’s energy system, improves immunity and ultimately body functions. Some common homeopathic medicines for adenomyosis are Calcarea, Calc Fl, Silicea, Conium, and Hydroc. For painful menstruation and other problems, Xanthoxylum and Cimicifuga can prove beneficial.

Conventional or Allopathic Treatment of Adenomyosis
This treatment approach aims to alleviate the symptoms caused by adenomyosis and prevent the disease from impacting regular functions and activities, especially if the pain and discomfort of the disease is interfering with the patient’s normal life. Doctors may prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs to control the pain. These include medications like ibuprofen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, hormone medications may also be used to control the menstrual cycle. These include birth control pills, progestin-only contraceptives and GnRH-analogs such as Lupron (leuprolide). These treatments can help control some of the symptoms. Intrauterine devices may also be used in certain cases.

Surgical Treatment of Adenomyosis
The most effective surgical treatment of adenomyosis is a hysterectomy. This is the surgery to remove your uterus. This may be a complete hysterectomy or a partial hysterectomy. However, women may not always want to opt for surgery as the age for giving birth has increased generally and removing the uterus is not always a viable option.

Apart from a hysterectomy, minor surgical treatments like D&C and Ablation therapy (Novasure) can reduce bleeding and clotting. Endometrial ablation involves removing the lining of the endometrium. Uterine artery embolization can cause the adenomyosis to shrink. MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery is also an option that targets and destroys tissue through high-intensity heat. However, this latter non-invasive surgical option still needs more research before becoming a more mainstream option for treatment.

Dietary and herbal treatments for adenomyosis
These methods involve non-invasive and non-surgical processes, including massages to reduce pain and inflammation, systematic enzyme therapy to eat away the excess foreign tissue growth, and certain herbal blends to assist with the painful symptoms. Herbal remedies include shepherd’s purse, vitex, Keishi-bukuryo-gan, ginger, turmeric, calcium, and magnesium. Another herbal blend includes Licorice, Partridge berry leaf, Blue Cohosh, Geranium and cotton bark. Dietary recommendations include foods that are rich in calcium and magnesium, which can help to regulate your menstruation.

Vegetables like bitter gourd, cauliflower, raw onions and garlic should be avoided, while green leafy vegetables, cabbages, spinach, cucumber, carrot, celery, beans, peas, asparagus and coriander are beneficial. Red meat, processed meat and frozen meat should also be avoided while experiencing the symptoms. Foods with wheatgrass, walnuts, almonds, honey, sesame, aloe vera, buttermilk, and coconut milk should be consumed.

Other treatments for adenomyosis
Aromatherapy, warm baths, heating pads and breathing exercises may also help to soothe the pain and discomfort. Yoga is also believed to be helpful in cases of painful cramps and pain.


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