Angelman syndrome

What is Angelman syndrome? +
This is a genetic disorder that will cause developmental disabilities, seizures and problems with the nervous and neurological system. If you are suffering from this disorder, you will exhibit a happy and excitable personality usually laughing and smiling repeatedly. The delayed developmental stages are between six and twelve months. The initial signs you will see if your child suffers from this disease are seizure beginning from around the age of two and three years of age. There is no cure for this disease though it is managed through treatment and medication to enable those suffering to lead a normal life.

What are the signs and symptoms of Angelman syndrome?
If your child is suffering from Angelman syndrome, you will notice the following signs and symptoms in them. Delays in development especially no crawling or trying to speak between the ages of six and 12 months. They may also lack intellectual ability, have difficulties walking, moving or balancing. They may also have signs of regular smiling and laughing accompanied by a very happy and excitable personality. Other symptoms you will notice in a person suffering from Angelman syndromes are; seizures at the ages of two and three years, jerky movements, a head that is small in size and is flattened at the back. You will notice them thrusting their tongues, light-colored hair, eyes and skin, they will also have unusual flapping of the hands and uplifted arms when walking.

What are the causes of Angelman syndrome?
Angelman syndrome is caused by different factors namely; it is mainly as a result of a genetic disorder on the genes found in chromosome15 known as the ubiquitin protein ligase gene.
When a child is born, they receive gene pairs from both parents. One half from the mother and another half from the father. Angelman syndrome is as a result of a missing gene from the mother. This gene is usually active in the brain. It could also be as a result of missing copies of genes from the father though it is a rare case.

Some complications resulting from Angelman disease.
This disease may cause complications to you if you are suffering from it. Infants with this disease will have problems with suckling and swallowing. This may result in feeding difficulties for both you and your child. A doctor may advise substitution of suckling with an infant feeding formula. This is with the aim of helping your baby to maintain weight development. A child with Angelman syndrome will be highly hyperactive. They lose concentration quickly as their attention span and concentration levels are very short. You will also notice your child develop a tendency of keeping their toys or hand in the mouth. It decreases as your child grows older. If you suffer from Angelman syndrome, you may experience inconsistency in sleep developing a sleep-wake, wake-sleep pattern. This, however, decreases with age put together with cognitive behavior therapy and medication.
Children who are older in age may experience large appetites that could generate development of Angelman syndrome. If you or someone you know is suffering from Angelman syndrome, you may develop an anomalous side to side curving of your spine over time.

How can you prevent Angelman syndrome?
Since this defect is caused by the transfer of defective genes from parents to children, if you have a child suffering from Angelman syndrome or you have a family history of Angelman syndrome, you should see your physician or a genetic specialist to help you in case you plan to have more children in future.

Diagnosis and prognosis of Angelman syndrome.
How is this defect diagnosed, you wonder?
Your child’s physician may suppose your child is suffering from Angelman syndrome if a developmental delay is accompanied by other signs of the disease like having imbalance, flat back side of the head or even having a small sized head.
Blood samples from your child may be needed for a genetic test to help in confirming the diagnosis. These tests will usually review the genetic patterns of the parental DNA. It is usually used in the viewing of three out of the four known causes of Angelman syndrome.  Your child may also undergo a test to show if some parts of their chromosomes could be missing.
A test to indicate if your child’s genes are active but mutated may also be needed. This test is usually to check if there is a mutated maternal gene.

How is Angelman syndrome treated and managed?
Angelman syndrome has no cure but is managed through medication which is focused on developmental issues. The measures used for the treatment of this involves; use of physical therapy for management of walking problems. Communication therapy which is inclusive of picture communication and sign languages. Behavior therapy helps in overcoming hyperactiveness and concentration to help in development.

Homeopathy is a natural method of treatment which treats a person holistically. It is used to balance the energy levels and perk up your body’s immunity. Another form of treatment for this disease is the acupuncture and acupressure method of treatment. It involves influencing your nervous system through control and connection of neurophysiological relations amid body systems via direction of bio-electrical impulses to the nerve fibers. The spinal cord, heart, and brain are also influenced by this treatment method.

If you or your child is suffering from this Angelman syndrome, psychotherapy may help you or your child in overcoming loss of concentration and hyperactivity which could boost the developmental progress. The conventional or allopathic treatment involves prescription of anti-seizure medication. In addition to this, the use of dietary and herbal treatment is a vital method of treatment as it helps with improved health. A high- fat diet referred to as the Ketogenic diet helps in careful regulation of carbohydrate, and proteins you consume if you suffer from Angelman syndrome.
Another form of treatment involves support for parents whose children suffer from Angelman syndrome. This is to help them get through the emotional and physical strain experienced in caring for these children. It is in form of respite care, family, and genetic counseling.

Support for parents of children with Angelman syndrome includes:
•    support organizations, such as the Australian Angelman Syndrome Association
•    genetic counselling
•    family therapy
•    respite care.

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Anemia

What is Anemia
This is a condition that develops when your blood has a lower than normal red blood cell (RBC) count,less than 13.5 gram/100ml in men and 12.0 gram/100ml in women, resulting from low levels of hemoglobin. This causes weakness, dizziness, and shortness of breath. It is treatable once the underlying cause is identified.

Causes of anemia
Anemia is caused by three major conditions namely; less production of erythrocytes, the destruction of these erythrocytes at a higher rate, and excessive loss of blood. Megaloblastic is one type of faulty red cell production. The condition of anemia may be mild and easily treatable or severe and require immediate intervention.

Different types of anemia have their causes. Some include;
Iron deficiency anemia. It’s the most common type worldwide caused by a shortage of iron in your body. With inadequate iron, your body can't produce enough hemoglobin for red blood cells. Vitamin deficiency anemia, your body needs folate and vitamin B-12 to produce enough healthy red blood cells. A decrease in red blood cells can be due to having a diet lacking in the above named nutrients and other key nutrients. Anemia of chronic disease, certain diseases such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, kidney disease and other chronic diseases can interfere with the production of red blood cells resulting in the condition. Aplastic anemia. If your body does not manufacture sufficient erythrocytes, you can develop this uncommon chronic type of anemia. Causes of this anemia include infections, certain medicines, autoimmune diseases and exposure to toxic chemicals. Anemia associated with bone marrow disease. Some diseases like leukemia may lead to anemia through interference with your body’s blood production. The effects of these type of cancer vary from mild to life-threatening.
Hemolytic anemia. If your red blood cells get destroyed more rapidly than they get replaced, you may get this type of anemia. Certain blood diseases increase red blood cell destruction. This disease can be inherited or developed in later years. Sickle cell anemia. This is a serious inherited hemolytic anemia. A defective form of hemoglobin that forces destruction of red blood cells through sickle cell disease is the cause of this disease. These irregular blood cells die prematurely, resulting in a chronic shortage of red blood cells.

Signs and symptoms of anemia
You may have a range of symptoms showing that you may be suffering from anemia. They could be mild, minimal, severe, and debilitating. They are potentially even life-threatening depending on the type of anemia. It may be difficult to carry out normal, everyday activities. The illness can affect many systems in the body and produce a variety of symptoms that affect health including fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, hair loss, chest pain, dizziness, cognitive problems, cold hands and feet and also headaches.

Complications of anemia
Left untreated, anemia can cause severe fatigue, pregnancy complications, heart problems, rapid or irregular heartbeats which can lead to an enlarged heart, heart failure or death

Risk factors of anemia
Anyone can develop the disorder. Menstruating women are most likely to suffer from it due to monthly loss. It may also occur during pregnancy if nutrient levels get too low. More Blood is produced if you are pregnant  though plasma will inflate quicker than erythrocytes are able to regenerate. This results in insufficient quantities.
Bleeding due to injury or surgery are potential causes. Medical issues like chronic infections and diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, kidney and liver diseases, thyroid, heart failure, inflammatory bowel disease, and HIV/AIDS may also play a role.
If you are a teenager, you will experience a growth spurt which may put you at risk of developing the disease. Extremely low iron levels may place you at a higher risk of getting infections from injuries especially if you are a teenager. A doctor may recommend avoiding contact sports.
Substances that inhibit mineral absorption like supplements and medication, vitamin deficiency and also low iron intake may also contribute to a person developing the disorder.

Diagnosis of anemia
Anemia can be diagnosed either by a physical exam –your doctor may listen to your heart and your breathing and also examine you for other symptoms of the illness or through a Complete blood count (CBC) – A CBC is used to count the number of blood cells in a sample of your blood.

Precautions and prevention of anemia
Many types of anemia can't be prevented but iron and vitamin deficiency anemias can be avoided by having diets that include a variety of vitamins and nutrients, includingIron –found indark green leafy vegetables and dried fruit, folate–found in fruits and enriched grain products, vitamin B-12 –found in dairy products and fortified cereal products, vitamin C –found in citrus fruitsand tomatoes.
If you're concerned about getting enough vitamins from the food you eat or if you have a family history of an inherited anemia, ask your doctor whether a multivitamin may be right for you and talk to your genetic counselor about your risk and what risks you may pass on to your children.

Treatment of anemia

Homeopathic Treatment of Anemia
Homeopathy medication will try to kindle the healthy part of your bone marrow to perk up cell production. This may help you reduce the number of blood transfusions. It helps by improving general vitality and well-being to help you fight infections.

Acupuncture and Acupressure Treatment of Anemia
This helps in strengthening the blood. Needles are inserted at your meridians to help increase the flow of iron to the spleen, where blood is produced, and to the stomach. Needles are also inserted at other meridians that improve the flow of iron to the liver, which stores blood and maintains a properly balanced flow of blood throughout the body.

Allopathic Treatment of Anemia
This treatment ranges from simple dietary changes and vitamin supplements to hormone treatments. It involves eating foods rich invitamins and nutrients.

Surgical Treatment of Anemia
If you have serious or life-threatening bleeding, you may need surgery. For example, you may need surgery to control ongoing bleeding due to a stomach ulcer or colon cancer.If your body is destroying red blood cells at a high rate, you may need to have your spleen removed. The spleen is an organ that removes worn-out red blood cells from the body.

As much as there may be a treatment for this illness, prevention is always better than cure. Thus it is highly recommended for you to take precautions in ensuring that your body gets the required nutrients to ensure continuous production of red blood cells.

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Anaphylaxis

What is Anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction to foods, insect stings, medications or substances that typically affects more than one part of the body at the same time.
If you are allergic to a substance, your body reacts to it by releasing chemicals that cause allergy symptoms. Typically, the symptoms occur in one part of the body but some people are susceptible to a much more serious anaphylactic reaction. This condition requires immediate medical attention, including a prompt injection of epinephrine. If not treated properly it can be fatal.

Risk factors for anaphylaxis
Certain people are more at risk of anaphylaxis. If your family has had a history of anaphylaxis, and you have suffered from allergies or asthma in the past, you are at a higher risk. And, if you’ve experienced anaphylaxis your risk of having another anaphylactic reaction is increased.

Signs and symptoms of Anaphylaxis
The symptoms start within 5 to 30 minutes of coming into contact with the allergen to which you are allergic but in some cases, it takes more than an hour for you to notice anaphylactic symptoms.
If you suffer from anaphylaxis, you may experience red rashes with welts that are usually itchy, a swollen throat that makes it hard for swallowing or swollen areas of the body, wheezing, passing out, chest tightness and at times pain, you may also have trouble breathing, persistent coughs, a hoarse voice, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramping, paleness to your face and body and also a feeling of impending doom.

Diagnosis and prognosis of Anaphylaxis
To diagnose anaphylaxis or to determine whether preceding symptoms were anaphylaxis related, your allergist will conduct a thorough investigation of all potential causes. Your allergist will ask for specific details regarding all past allergic reactions. Proper and correct diagnosis and management of these allergic reactions are very vital. An allergy specialist is specially trained and is usually experienced in diagnosing the problem hence he/ she will assist you in coming up with a future protective and preventive plan.

What are some complications associated with Anaphylaxis?
You will experience the allergic reactions related to anaphylaxis on different parts of your body. They may appear on your skin, in the form of hives or swelling. You may have difficulties in breathing which is life-threatening, you may experience asthmatic attacks due to swelling of the part of the air passage on the upper part. You may develop problems with your digestive system leading to severe diarrhea or even vomiting. It becomes a medical emergency once it affects more than just the skin. These symptoms and signs will cause you discomfort in your day to day activities.

What are some precautions and preventive measures put in place to avoid Anaphylaxis?
As is common knowledge, preventing something is better than curing it. Anaphylaxis is no different when considering this fact. You can employ these measures to protect yourself against this disease. The best method for you and your child to avoid anaphylaxis is avoiding contact with allergens. You should make them aware of their allergies during the appropriate age using the most suitable method. You should ensure your child is always having an auto-injector in case of an emergency.
For each type of allergy, here are some preventive measures you can employ.

You should ensure that all foods in your household are well labeled to avoid confusion and check the ingredients to be sure no allergic substance is present. If it is an insect allergy, you or your child should don on closed shoes and repellent clothes that are not loosely fitting to avoid trapping insects in them. This will help you to protect yourself in an outdoor excursion. If you are allergic to medicine, you should inform your doctor about your allergic reactions to avoid their prescription. You should know the names of the drugs you or your child are allergic to. In the case that your child is allergic to latex, you should alert your family physician about it and request for close monitoring of their medical chart to show their allergy history. You should be keen to remind the medical practitioners in case your child needs to undergo medical procedures. It is highly recommended to enlighten everyone you relate with about your child’s allergy or your own allergy. They can help you and your child to avoid allergens and can be of importance in case of an anaphylaxis attack.

How is Anaphylaxis treated and managed?
Treatment and management of anaphylaxis are normally through prescription medicine in most cases. However, the best way in which to manage your allergic reactions is to be ready all the time and avoid all allergens that may result in an allergic reaction. You should always carry your adrenaline auto-injectors and your other antihistamine medication. You will need to administer the single dose auto-injector to your thigh in case you get an anaphylactic emergency.

For school going children, you will need to fill out an action plan for anaphylaxis and keep it in the school, this helps your child to be catered for in case of an anaphylactic emergency at school. Your family and friends also need to be aware of how to use the auto-injector in case your child encounters an allergic reaction in your absence.

You may also use Homeopathic Treatment as support in anaphylaxis. This will help you to do away with panic attacks brought about by being afraid of dying in case you experience an emergency anaphylactic reaction. You may have a prescription for Aconitum, Arnica Montana or other homeopathic medication to help reduce fast swelling of the skin as a result of an insect sting or bite. This is not replacement of conventional emergency treatment. The main method of treatment that may be used in the treatment and management of Anaphylaxis is the allopathic or conventional method. This mostly involves use of prescription medicines to reduce the effects of the anaphylactic reaction. Some of the medication administered include; increased oxygen to help in compensation for the difficult breathing in case of an asthma attack, you could also need an intravenous administration of anti-allergens to reduce the anaphylactic reaction. You may also have to ingest medicine like prednisone, epinephrine, and antihistamines orally. These help in reducing the effects of the anaphylactic reaction.

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Anal Itching

What is Anal Itching? 
This is a disease medically known as pruritis ani. It is usually an irritation of the skin at the opening of the anal canal where waste leaves the body leading to itching. This skin that surrounds this opening is known as the anus thus the disease is named anal itching. This irritation causes you to feel a desire to scratch that area. Though chemicals in the stool may be the cause of itching, this is usually an indicator that the anal area has an inflammation. Inflammation and itching increase as a result of intense scratching and moisture is present. Anal itching causes discomfort that is almost intolerable which feels sore and has a burning sensation.

What causes Anal Itching?
Anal itching can be caused by many factors such as irritating chemicals in the foodstuff you ingest. These are mostly in spices, peppers, and hot sauces. Frequent liquid stools, for example, diarrhea, have moisture which can irritate the anus if you experience them frequently. 
Another factor is the escape of incontinence stool. Moisture in them increases the possibility of causing you an anal infection mostly yeast infections. If you suffer from diabetes or HIV, you may contract this easily. If you are under treatment with antibiotics, this can cause you to get a yeast infection and anal irritation. Psoriasis is also another possible cause of anal itching.

If you have fistulas, which come from the colon, and are results of diseases such as Crohn's disease, they can cause you irritation as they carry fluids to the anal area. These fluids are a rare occurrence and tumors as a result of these fistulas may bring you anal itching. Other factors that may cause you to develop anal itching are the pinworms, engorged and dilated varicosity in the perianal area, fissures and an abnormal growth of local anal skin. Having a dry skin. As you age, the skin around your anus becomes prone to dryness which can cause continuous and intense itching.

If you wash this area excessively and with soaps that are harsh, wiping with toilet paper can cause you aggravated anal itching. If you also fail to rinse soap completely, it may also lead to increased irritation and anal itching. If you have been using laxatives frequently, they can lead to chronic diarrhea which could consequently lead to itching and irritation.

What are the signs and symptoms of Anal Itching?
The most obvious symptom you will show is having irritation around the anus accompanied by a strong desire to scratch. When you sit, scratch or have moisture in the anal area, the intensity of the irritation increases.

You may also experience stool that is laced with blood, bleeding in your rectum, or if you are a man, itching in the penis. You may also experience increased intolerance to anal itching due to a burning sensation and soreness of the anal area mostly during and after bowel movements.

Diagnosis of Anal Itching
If you have symptoms of itching, your doctor will ask questions about what symptoms you have and your medical history or if you are on any medication. He or she may also inquire about your personal habits for hygiene.  If you are suspected to have pinworms, a test will be conducted physically or you may have a digital rectal exam.

If you have no obvious cause, you may need to see a skin specialist or a proctologist. You may undergo tests such as colonoscopy to check if you have a problem with the digestive system. Sometimes the cause may never be identified.

Prevention of Anal Itching
You can prevent the development of this disease by avoiding irritants whether they are in form of food, genital deodorants, moist wipes, citrus fruits, spices, and pepper or hot sauce. You should also avoid using a laxative for a prolonged period of time. Maintenance of regular and firm bowel movements since they help reduce the risk of infection. If you have a frequent soft stool, you should add fiber supplements in your diet. This may help in hardening your stool and reducing the risk of infection. 

Treatment of Anal Itching
Most of the time, treatment of anal itching depends on the cause of the problem. You may be required to indulge in self-care procedures such as anti-itch creams or getting treatment for hemorrhoids and other infections. You may be given an antihistamine if your itching worsens at night. It is mostly in the oral form until other measures like anti-itch creams start taking effect.

Homeopathy has been used in the treatment of anal itching and it has been very effective in giving a long-lasting cure. It will treat you wholly as its main focus is in balancing energy systems, improving body immunity and functions. It treats the disease from the root cause.

Home remedies are also very effective in the treatment and management of anal itching. Some examples include; using moist cotton balls to dry yourself up after bowel movements. You should cleanse and dry off gently without scrubbing. This is aimed to keep the anal area clean without the additional irritation of the skin. After cleansing yourself, you can use unmedicated talcum to keep the area dry. Placing a dry or moistened cotton ball around the anus helps in absorption of moisture which causes irritation. You should replace it as needed to keep the area clean. Not scratching helps your skin to heal faster. If the desire is intolerable, you may use a cold compress to help ease the itching. This has been used as a remedy to keep you comfortable as you recuperate. You should keep short nails and don on cotton gloves while going to bed to aid in preventing scratching.

Another help in treatment is when you wear cotton underwear and loose pants. This will help keeping you dry in tight fitting clothes will definitely trap the moisture around your anal area. To help protect your skin from gathering moisture, you can apply zinc oxide ointments or baby petroleum jelly. This will help to reduce the itching and relieve you from the burning sensation that comes with scratching.

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Anal Fissure

What is an anal fissure?
When the inner lining of your anus has sustained a crack or a tear, it’s known as anal fissure. Very often this cut causes severe pain and discomfort during a bowel movement, followed by bleeding. Sometimes the cut can be sufficiently deep as to reveal your muscle tissues. You can develop anal fissure during childbirth, or by straining too hard when stooling, or when you have had a long stretch of diarrhea, or a series of constipation. Moreover, an inflammatory disease of the bowel, infection, or even cancer can give it to you. People of all ages can suffer an anal fissure, especially young children that are prone to constipation. Because anal fissure is not a dangerous or a severe disease, it can heal on its own, usually within 8 weeks. Drugs that soften your stool and pain relievers can hasten healing. But if within this time frame it doesn’t heal, then it’s a symptom of an existing ailment. In this case you should talk to your doctor. In some persistent cases you may need a surgery.

What are the symptoms of an anal fissure?
If you develop an anal fissure, you’re likely to notice some of these symptoms.
You’ll notice a visible crack in the area of skin around your anus.
Usually there will be a tiny lump or skin tag near the crack.
You’ll feel sharp pain in your anus when stooling.
You will notice blood on your stool or tissue paper after cleaning.
You feel an itch or a burning sensation in your anus.
Your anal fissure may form pus.

What causes an anal fissure?
When your excrement is large and hard, and you strain very hard to pass it, anal fissure may develop.  Also, when you have long periods of diarrhea and constipation, fissure may develop in your anus. Some other issues may intervene to cause fissure in your anus.
When you’ve strained too hard during childbirth
If you have Crohn’s disease
If the anorectal area does not receive enough blood
Anal sphincter muscles are too tight
Some chronic cases of anal cancer
Other conditions which can cause anal fissure are tuberculosis, herpes, muscle spasms, HIV, Syphilis, STDs, anal sex, etc.

Who is at risk for an anal fissure?
It’s common to develop anal fissures during infancy. Adults are also susceptible when the anorectal area does not receive enough blood. Women are at greater risk of sustaining anal fissure during childbirth and even after childbirth because of childbirth travails.
Those with IBD, Crohn’s disease, intestinal lining inflammation, and who strive hard to pass hard stool are at risk for anal fissure.


How is an anal fissure diagnosed?
First and foremost, your doctor will want to be aware of the history of your condition. The diagnosis is a physical examination of the anus and its surrounding area. Your doctor may introduce a tube called anoscope or protoscope or colonoscope into your rectum in order to survey your rectum and some lower parts of your colon. If you have any other ailment such as hemorrhoids or other causes that cause you rectal pains this physical exam will diagnose it.

How can an anal fissure be prevented?
You can prevent anal fissure by taking these precautions.
Keep your anus dry always
Clean your anus with mild soap and warm water
Work out often, drink plenty of water and eat foods containing fiber to avoid constipation.
Take care of your diarrhea promptly.
Change baby diapers as often as possible.

Complications of Anal Fissure
When your anal fissure does not readily heal
When your anal fissure is recurrent
When your anal fissure extends to other areas

How is an anal fissure treated?
Usually anal fissures don’t require treatments that are extensive. You can resort to home remedies to heal the crack, and be relieved of pains and symptomatic discomfort. 
Use medications that soften your stool.
Drink plenty of water.
Eat plenty fruits and veggies, and foods that contain fiber, and take fiber supplements.
Take warm baths to increase the blood flow to your anus, relax your anal muscles, as well as irritations.
Application of nitroglycerin ointment and hydrocortisone cream to your anus will help with flow of blood there and alleviate inflammation.
Apply lidocaine to your anus to reduce discomfort
Within 2 weeks of treatment your symptoms should be ameliorated. In case it does not, you should see your doctor for further assessments. In case you were not rightly diagnosed, he should perform other tests or prescribe other remedies.
The sphincter muscles should be made to relax by applying a calcium blocker ointment, thereby giving the wound a chance to heal.
By injecting Botox into the anal sphincter, anal spasm is prevented; your anal fissure is given a chance to heal, while new fissures are prevented from developing.
At this point, if the wound in your anus fails to heal, there may be surgery.
Sphincterotomy is a surgical procedure where a small incision is made in your anal sphincter to relax the muscle to relax.
It should be pointed out that it’s not all anal fissures that result from low-fiber diets and constipation. An Anal fissure which does not readily heal, especially if it’s located outside of the posterior and midline part of your anus may be an indication of dislike HIV, tuberculosis, or cancer of the anus.

Homeopathic Treatment of Anal Fissure
Homeopathic medicines are greatly tolerated in the healing of anal cancer. The reason is that homeopathy takes care of the individual as a whole in relation to their disorder. It steps up the energy flow of the individual, improves the immune systems and immune responses of the patient and their entire body functions. It cures the ailment from its roots rather than from its symptoms. It relaxes the anal muscles and cures the anal fissure with no chance of recurrence.
Graphites, Sepia, Nitric acid, Ratanhia, Silicea, and Thuja are some of the homeopathic medicines.

Acupuncture and Acupressure Treatment of Anal Fissure
Acupuncture therapy keeps open the bowels and flushes it, minimizing the issue of constipation. In this method of treatment needles are inserted in the body in some particular acupuncture points. In this way, the entire body processes, capacities and functions are stimulated and activated. Therefore, the source of your problem is exposed and cured.

Conventional and Allopathic Treatment of Anal Fissure
Here, stool softeners are used to relieve constipation, making sure that the anal sphincter is no longer troubled when stooling.  Corticosteroids, NSAIDs and other ointments and creams that contain pain-killing agents are used.

Surgical Treatment of Anal Fissure
This is a minor surgical procedure involving making an incision in a portion of your anal sphincter muscle in order to reduce pains and spasms, which by doing, allows the muscles of your rectum to relax for easy healing of the fissure.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Anal Fissure
You should drink more water.
Eat foods high in fiber to guard against constipation.

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Anal Cancer

What is anal cancer?
Cancerous cells which develop into tumors that may be malignant in the tissues of the anus are called anal cancer. However, some tumors are benign, but some noncancerous tumors at first may later turn into cancerous forms and spread or invade the surrounding tissues and the rest of the body. Anal cancers are not that common.

What are the symptoms of anal cancer?
The symptoms of anal cancer are akin to the symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, and hemorrhoids. You notice changes in your bowel habits; your rectum bleeds; you feel pressure, pain, and lump near your anus. In addition, your stool thins out; your anus itches, and there’s discharge from your anus.

What are the risk factors for anal cancer?
It’s important to mention at the outset that that anybody is at risk for anal cancer. In any event, some people have a higher risk of developing anal cancer than others. This said, the risk factors are: HPV (Human papilloma virus infection). These are sexually transmitted viruses that remain and incubate in the body for a long time. These viruses are always found at the site of anal and cervical cancer.
HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus): These viruses also put their host at a great risk of anal cancer because of the immune system they compromise. Sexual activity: If you have multiple sexual partners, and engage in unprotected anal sex, you have a great risk of contacting HPV. Smoking can increase your chance of getting anal cancer, and if your immune system is weak, you stand the chance. Also if you received an organ transplant or take drugs that suppress your immune system you have a chance. Individuals who are usually at risk start from those who are 50 years of age.

What are the causes of anal cancer?
This cancer is caused by the growth and replication of abnormal cells in the body. These abnormal cell bodies advance uncontrollably and pile up into malignant masses called tumors. Because cancer cells are dynamic, they can metastasize into other body parts or organs and impair their functions.
Anal cancer is partly caused by HPV, a set of viruses acquired through sex. It’s possible also when genetically mutated cells are transformed into abnormal cells and cause anal cancer. These abnormal cells dissociate from the patent tumor and invade nearby cells, spreading to the rest of the body

How is anal cancer diagnosed?
Anal cancer is normally occasioned by anal bleeding. When you experience anal bleeding, pain, and itching you’re advised to see your doctor before your anal cancer advances past the first stages.  Anal cancer can also be diagnosed during normal medical examinations or procedures.
Digital rectal examination for prostate cancer, as well as manual rectal examinations for lumps can diagnose rectal carcinoma. Anal Pap smears and also cell biopsy can be used to test for anal cancer. Other tests include the visual observation of your rectum for abnormalities, and taking spectrum images of your anal canal.

Prevention of anal cancer
Most methods of preventing anal cancer are not guaranteed. However, ways abound whereby you can minimize the risk of getting it.
You can practice safe sex by engaging in protected sex. Stay very clear of practicing receptive anal intercourse. Drastically limit the number of your sex partners. Regularly check yourself for STDs. 
Don’t smoke or participate in second handed smoking.
Seek vaccination for HPV. This vaccination is approved for both sexes between 9 and 26 years of age. This vaccination is capable of protecting from some types of anal cancer causing HPVs. If you think you’re susceptible to anal cancer genetically, let your doctor know your concerns.

Complications of anal cancer
Anal cancer is capable of spreading to your liver or your lungs.

How is anal cancer treated?
The treatment choices your doctor can expose you to depend on your age or the stage of the advancement of your anal cancer.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is usually administered to destroy cancer cells and their growth. You can either take it orally or by infusion. The pains can normally be occasionally killed with pain relievers.
Surgery
In the early stages of the anal cancer, local resection surgery can be used to remove a tumor, especially when the tumor is still small, and localized, and has not invaded other tissues nearby.

The invasive surgery of Abdominoperineal resection is sometimes performed on the GI tract by the doctor to help the patient when other forms of treatment have not helped the patient. In this surgery, an incision will be made in the stomach to remove the anus, the rectum, and some parts of the colon. Then ostomy bag will be attached to the skin to help the patient collect his stool.

Alternative therapy
Many forms of cancer are cured by radiation therapy.  X-rays and radiations are procured to destroy cancerous cells. Other forms of cancer treatment may be carried out with this. However, care should be taken because radiation also kills healthy cells.

Homeopathic Treatment of Anal Cancer
Inexorably, homeopathy helps to prevent anal cancer, and also improves healing and the health of the individual. It takes care of the patient as a human being, taking into cognizance the needs of the human body. The treatment of homeopathy is largely constitutive in that it concentrates on the person, the need of the person’s body as it relates to their pathological condition. In other words, it balances the energy flow of the body, advancing the person’s immunity and immune responses, as well as the body capacities, getting to the root cause of the ailment and curing it. Some of the medicines used in homeopathy for the treatment of anal cancer are: Nit Ac, Alumina, Sulph, Ars alb, Nux V

Conventional and Allopathic Treatment of Anal cancer
The common procedures in Allopathic treatment of anal cancer are:
Chemotherapy: These are either taken as oral pills or as an infusion to kill the cancer cells or the tumor.
Radiation therapy : These involve the use of the radiation beams of X-ray to destroy cancer cells.
Surgical Treatment of Anal cancer
Surgery: This is for the early stage of the cancer when the tumor is still small. The affected part can be removed together with some healthy tissues without posing any danger to the muscles of the anal sphincter.
Surgery:  This is usually for the late stage of anal cancer meant for those patients who have not made a positive response to other methods of treatment.  This is the Abdominoperineal resection surgery described above.

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

What is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?
ALS is a severe disease of the neurons that causes weakness of the muscles and general disability. ALS is degenerative, and affects your brain as well as your spinal cord. And because the nerves are seriously impaired, you cannot move the muscles you need to move in order to eat, speak, move, or even breathe, it often results in death. Lou Gehrig was in 1939 diagnosed with ALS. Lou Gehrig’s disease is another name for ALS.

What Are the causes of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS?
ALS is a familial disease; it’s also a sporadic disease, meaning that the cause is not known specifically.
However, some scientists suggest that these factors are seriously linked to ALs and might strongly contribute to it.
There’s damage to free radicals, there’s an immune reaction targeting motor neurons in your system, your chemical messenger glutamate has developed imbalances, your verve cells have developed amyloids, there’s a gene mutation, chaotic immune responses, and general mishandling of proteins.

What Are the symptoms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS?
Sporadic and familial types of ALS are linked with losing your motor neurons progressively. The part of your nervous system affected is what usually determines the symptoms of ALS you feel.
The bottom half of your brainstem, the medulla, regulates the autonomic capacities of the body, such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. When the medulla damages, your voice becomes hoarse, your speech becomes slurred, you have difficulty swallowing, you develop tongue atrophy, you have difficulty breathing, your emotional reactions are excessive, while your saliva becomes excess.
Your corticospinal tract is composed of nerve fibers. It’s this part of the brain that sends signal to the spinal cord. When the corticospinal track is damaged by ALS it results in limb weakness. Moreover, the front part of the spinal cord called the anterior horn can degenerate, causing flaccid muscles, twitching, and muscles wasting. Weakness of the diaphragm and other muscles of the respiratory system will cause problems of breathing.

Early symptoms include weakness, difficulty in performing routine tasks like morning chores, climbing stairs, rising from a seat, weakness of arms and hands, legs and feet, difficulty  swallowing, stretching, speaking, etc. These symptoms are usually localized in specific regions of the body, meaning, they not symmetrical. However, as the disease develops, the symptoms are gradually felt in the other sides of the body. As the disease progresses, the symptoms generally spread to both sides of the body. General body weakness results, and so does muscle wasting, leading to weight loss. All this, in any case, does not affect the function of your bowel, nor does it affect your urinary tract, or your senses.

How Is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS diagnosed?
It’s the neurologist that diagnoses ALS. And no particular tests are usually performed for the diagnosis of this disease. To establish a diagnosis takes weeks or months. Your doctor usually begins to inspect you closely to determine whether you have progressive neuromuscular degeneration leading to ALS. Your doctor will look out for muscle cramps, muscle weakness, 
muscle twitching, wasting, contractures, etc. The fact that you have these symptoms does not conclude that you have ALS. The full and conclusive diagnosis of ALS requires that other possible disorders or conditions be excluded. The diagnostic tests to do this exclusion include
EMG: This test tries to assess your muscles electric activity.
Nerve Conduction Studies: to assess the status of your nerve function
MRI: This, to identify your particular nervous area that’s affected.
Blood and Urine Test will examine your nutrition and general health.
Genetic tests: This test, to ascertain if you have a family history of ALS.
Muscle biopsy

What are the complications of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS?
Dehydration, dementia, choking, bed sores, malnutrition, pneumonia, and respiratory failure are some of the complications attending ALS

What are the risk factors of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS
The beginning of the symptoms of ALS is normally between the ages of 50 and 60, even though it’s possible for symptoms to be noticed much earlier.
Other risk factors include heredity, cigarette smoking, and exposure to lead.

How is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS Treated?
The advancement of ALS leads to respiratory difficulties, and difficulty in digesting food. The skin and is subcutaneous layers become affected. The muscles and many body parts degenerate, and tend to need intense care and proper treatment.  It’s as a result of this that a team of different specialists is needed to treat or manage an ALS patient: These are nutritionists, neurologists, respiratory therapist, physiatrists, speech therapists, mental health professionals, psychologists, gastroenterologists, social workers, occupational therapists, spiritual healers, etc.
Family members must be available to help in making decisions for an ALS patient.

Medications
Riluzole is the only drug currently approved and dispensable for the treatment of ALS. Even though it cannot eliminate symptoms in their entirety, it can at least extend life for a few months. Other medications can also be used to ameliorate the symptoms of ALS. To guard against plasticity and cramping, baclofen, diazepam, and quinine bisulphate are highly recommended; for anti-inflammation, nonsteroidal; Gabapentin, for anti convulsion; antidepression, tricyclic; and for management of pain, morphine.

For emotional stability, Neurodex, that merges B1, B6, and B12 vitamins, are recommended
The hereditary subtype of ALS is still being investigated for treatment with these drugs: coenzyme Q10, minocycline, COX-2 inhibitors, creatine. However, their effectiveness has not yet been established, neither has stem cell therapy.

Homeopathic Treatment of ALS
Homeopathic treatment has proven to be effective for preventing and repairing damaged muscular and neurological cells. Homeopathy caters to the treatment of the individual patient as a whole human being. Its treatment is constitutive. This means that homeopathy concentrates on the person in relation with their pathological condition, activating the body’s energy flow, building up the person’s immunity and immune responses, as well as the body functions. It takes care of the disorder from the root and naturally cures the ailment. A few of the homeopathic medicines for the treatment of ALS are, but not limited to Lathyrus S, Plumbum, Cuprum M, Zincum, Angustura, Curare, and Hyper.

Conventional and Allopathic Treatment of ALS
The treatment of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis here is intended to provide relief from symptoms for the patient. Such medications that will provide for the patient relief from fatigue, depression, pain, muscle cramps, and constipation are often administered.

Other Treatment of ALS
Your sense of wellbeing can in addition be restored by regular exercises.
Adaptive methods to make your speech clearer and other methods of communication can be explored and taught by your speech therapist.


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Amyloidosis

What is Amyloidosis?
There is an abnormal protein substance in the body called amyloid. Amyloid buildup in an organ in the body can damage it and cause that organ to fail. When these protein deposits have built up in an organ it is a disease called amyloidosis. Anyway, this buildup is a rare occurrence. It usually affects such organs as the heart, the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, the nervous system, the soft tissues, the liver, joints, and even the skin. When amyloid collects in the body generally, it’s called body amyloidosis. Many forms of amyloidosis are not curable, nor preventable.

What are the symptoms of Amyloidosis?
Because these protein deposits find their way in organs, the symptoms you notice will usually depend on the organ affected. When your heart, for instance is affected, you’ll develop chest pain, your breath will be short, irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure. If on the other hand, it’s your kidney, your urine will be foamy, and edema will set in. If liver, your upper abdomen will swell. If your gastrointestinal tract, you’ll have nausea, constipation, loss of appetite, weight loss; and if your nerves, tingling in your limbs, pain, numbness, nausea, diarrhea, and inability to feel temperature. Generalized symptoms are: weakness, fatigue, tingling, bruises, swollen tongue, weight loss, skin changes, urine protein, and difficulty in swallowing.

What are the types and causes of Amyloidosis?
Light chain amyloidosis: This is the commonest type. This will happen when light chains build up in your heart, liver, kidneys, and skin.
Dialysis-related amyloidosis: This type may affect you when you stay on dialysis for long as a result of a kidney problem. The deposits occur in tendons and joints to cause stiffness. Hereditary amyloidosis: This type is rare and is the result of genetic mutation that runs in a family.
Autoimmune amyloidosis: This type can occur with serious infections like inflammatory bowel disease, tuberculosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. This affects the kidney and damages the liver, heart, or intestines.
Senile amyloidosis: Here, the hearts of older men are affected.
General causes of amyloidosis can be said to be genetic, inflammatory diseases, or infection.

Who is at risk of Amyloidosis?
Everyone is susceptible to amyloidosis. However, certain factors can put you at greater risk.
These include:
Age: Usually from 50 years of age.
Health of your kidney: If you have injured kidney and have to take dialysis, you are at risk because dialysis is not capable of getting rid of proteins in your blood like kidneys.
Gender: 70 percent of the cases are borne by men.
Family history: Hereditary amyloidosis runs in families.
Race: African-Americans are more susceptible than other races.
Medical history: Infections and inflammatory diseases make you more prone to this disease.

Diagnosed of Amyloidosis?
Your doctor will want to have knowledge of your symptoms as well as your medical history. Your doctor must be acquainted with specific details to avoid wrong diagnosis since the symptoms of this disease can be quite similar to the symptoms of other diseases.
Blood and urine tests: These tests are relevant to check your amyloid protein levels, and also the functions of your liver and thyroid.
Echocardiogram: This to test your heart.
Biopsy: This to analyze samples of tissue from your heart, stomach, kidneys, nerves, liver in order to decide your type of amyloidosis.
Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration: These to remove both fluid and tissue from your bone so as to check for abnormal cell development.
To see the type you have, immunochemical staining test, and its counterpart, protein electrophoresis may be performed.

Precautions and Prevention of Amyloidosis
By promptly treating infections and inflammatory diseases before they get out of hand to trigger Amyloidosis, this can be prevented. 

Treatment of Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is not a curable disease. Therefore treatments are aimed to slow down the production of protein in the organ site and so reduce symptoms.

General treatments
General medications are used to put symptoms under control.
These are pain relievers, drugs that stop diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting; diuretics  to reduce fluid buildup in your body, blood thinners so blood doesn’t clot, and medicines that control heartbeat.
AL amyloidosis is treated with chemotherapy to destroy the abnormal blood cells just as in cancer treatment.
Proteasome inhibitors: These will block proteasomes that break down proteins.
Hereditary amyloidosis
Kidney transplant is also advised if possible.
Immunomodulators: These will whittle down the response of an overactive immune system.
AA amyloidosis
In this case, treatments are carried out depending on the cause. Antibiotics for bacterial infections, while inflammation drugs go for Inflammatory conditions. If your amyloidosis
is dialysis-related the treatment can be done by changing the dialysis type you have. Kidney transplant is also here a possibility.

Complications of Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is dangerous. It damages any organ in which it can build itself up.
Heart damage:  If Amyloidosis develops in your heart, its electrical system is disrupted, causing the heart to stop beating effectively. Stiffness develops in your heart, and the heart’s pumping operations weaken. As a result, you develop shortness of breath, while low blood pressure develops. Finally, heart failure may result from this.
Nerve damage: Amyloid that has piled up in the nerves damages them. As a result, you feel tingling sensations in your limbs, coupled with numbness. Nerves that have something to do with the functions of your bowel and blood pressure may also be affected.

Kidney damage: Amyloidosis that has developed in the kidney will damage its filters, making it increasingly difficult for the kidney to evacuate waste from your blood. This situation makes the kidney overlabor, leading to failure.

Homeopathic Treatment of Amyloidosis
Homeopathy treats the patient as a whole. It gets at the root cause of the ailment not just controlling the symptoms. It can nullify abnormal tissues and stop them from forming, and then help the restoration of normal tissue. The treatment of homeopathy is constitutive. It addresses the patient’s pathological condition, balancing the flow of energy in the body system, building up and improving the immunity of the patient and body capacities. The patient’s disorder is then naturally cured. Ars alb, Kali Iod, Ger M, Phos, and Cup act, are a few of the homeopathic drugs for Amyloidosis.

Conventional and Allopathic Treatment of Amyloidosis
The medications here are: Corticosteroid, which retards the growth of abnormal cells of the organ affected. Inflammatory arthritis is cured with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Surgical Treatment of Amyloidosis
Surgery is mostly necessary here for organ transplant.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Amyloidosis
Eat foods low in salt.
Reduce consumption of red meat.
Distance yourself from processed food.
Consume fresh fruit and veggies.
Refined dairy products should be avoided

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Amnesia

What is amnesia?
Amnesia is a kind of loss of memory. Forming new memories often become very difficult for people who have amnesia. And even remembering their past experiences and facts becomes a difficult task. However, they do remember their identity and mechanical skills. In any event, slight memory loss is a feature of aging. But amnestic disorder is signified when the memory loss is serious and the person cannot form new memories.

Symptoms of amnesia
Inability to develop new memories or loss of memory is the chief symptom of amnesia. Generally, when you have amnesia you won’t be able to recall specific events, occurrences, dates, facts, or particular details. These details may cover simple things like the name of your president or even what your morning meal was. You may still speak the languages you know fluently, and perform some mechanical operations like clapping.

Amnesia is of many different types. These are:

Anterograde amnesia
With anterograde amnesia, new memories can’t be formed. This situation can either be temporary or permanent. When it’s temporary, it means you have a blackout, for example, when you have had too much to drink. And when it’s permanent it means you can’t form new memories at all. An example is when the part of your brain called hippocampus has been damaged.

Retrograde amnesia
If you have this type of amnesia, you will lose your previously existing memories, starting with your most recently formed memories. Later it will gradually spread to your older memories like your childhood experiences. Dementia is the root cause of retrograde amnesia.

Infantile amnesia
This type of amnesia is common. Most people have difficulty remembering the events of their childhood before the age of five.

Transient global amnesia
You have transient global amnesia if you’re agitated and confused for several hours and can’t even remember the events that took place before that, and have no single idea that this confusion or agitation happened in the first place. Scientists suggest that this occurrence may be as a result of a temporary blockage of blood supplies to the brain that led to a blackout. Therefore, if you have amnesia you’re likely to experience memory loss which may be partial or total, temporary or permanent. You won’t be able to recognize faces that were previously familiar, and you may experience tremors or seizures.

Causes of amnesia
Anoxia
If the oxygen levels of your brain are insufficient, you will occasionally have a blackout leading to memory loss. However, the resultant memory loss may be temporary if anoxia is not sufficiently severe to lead to brain damage.
Dementia
Brain deterioration causes the loss of old memories. Alzheimer’s disease is a kind of dementia which causes you to lose recent memories first rather than the old.
Injury to hippocampus
The function of your brain hippocampus is to form memories, organize and retrieve them. It’s very fragile and a lot of energy flows there. Toxins and anoxia can impair your hippocampus.
Memory loss results when this has happened.
Head injuries
Stroke, severe head injuries, infections, tumors and concussions can damage the brain and disrupt memories for a long period of time.
Alcohol Abuse
While too much alcohol can lead to temporary memory loss from blackout, the long-term effect of alcohol abuse can give you the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome making it impossible to form memories.
Electroconvulsive therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy against depression and some other conditions could cause retrograde and anterograde amnesia for a period of time.
Stress
Dissociative amnesia can develop when you’re too stressed out or traumatic. In this condition, your mind finds it too overwhelming to process certain information, thoughts or feelings it receives and simply rejects them.
Risk factors of Amnesia
Risk factors of amnesia include, brain surgery, stress, head injury, trauma, alcohol abuse, seizures, and stroke.

How is amnesia diagnosed?
Your neurologist or doctor will ask questions about the symptoms you experience. Family members will answer the questions as you’re not likely to remember the answers. They will arrange some cognitive exams, and perform imaging tests like MRI or CT scan to look for any signs of brain injury. Another test may be carried for seizure, while a further blood test may be conducted to check if you have nutritional deficiencies or if you’re infected.

Prevention of amnesia
If you practice the following health habits, there is a chance that the occurrence of blackout, dementia, stroke, concussions, and other risks that lead to memory loss will be minimized in your life.
Do not drink too much alcohol
Protect your head when playing outdoor games.
Always play games that challenge you mentally, read books, take lessons, explore new things in order to stay mentally active.
Maintain a healthy eating routine by consuming fruits, whole grains, vegetables, whole grains, and proteins with low fat.
Avoid dehydration.
Make use of seat belt while driving.
Treat infections quickly and urgently
Eat foods rich in vitamin E


Complications of Amnesia
Problem may develop while in school or at work

Treatment of Amnesia
How is amnesia treated?
Your doctor needs to focus on the problems that cause your amnesia.
Detoxification will normally cure amnesia developed from chemicals like alcohol. Amnesia developed from minor head injury will normally resolve once the head trauma subsides. If the head injury is a serious one your amnesia may never just go away.
Your doctor will prescribe medications that help you to do exercises, learn and support your memory. But if the amnesia is from dementia it cannot be cured.
Occupational therapy can help you learn new things and acquire memory for daily living. Memory aids on the other hand can help you organize and retrieve information.

Homeopathic Treatment of Amnesia
Treatment by homeopathy is not intended to get rid of your amnesia alone, but also to address its cause at the root. Homeopathy treats the individual as a whole, activating all the individual’s body capacities and immunity and energy flows, and blocking all the recesses that make the individual susceptible to amnesia. The homeopathic medications for amnesia include, but not limited to, Arnica Montana, Anacardium, Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, Plumbum Met, and Digitalis.

Acupuncture & Acupressure Treatment of Amnesia
Acupuncture treatment effectively restores all the behavioral and biochemical impairments that are related to CMS, which affect learning and memory. In selected cases acupuncture treatment becomes useful in that it intervenes to modify behavior.

Psychotherapy and Hypnotherapy Treatment of Amnesia
Psychotherapy focuses on the cause of trauma or stress which leads to amnesia. This therapy is well tolerated, and different types of it like cognitive behavioral, supportive, drug assisted, free association, hypnotherapeutic, and psychodermic have been successfully used to bring stability to the patient’s memory, as well as ameliorate symptoms.

Conventional  and Allopathic Treatment of Amnesia
This motley array of drugs has been used in conventional treatment to improve memory retention of amnestic patients: Reminly, Exelon, Neo-tropin, Aricept, Akatinol, Eldepryl and Cognex.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Amnesia
Eat an apple daily, a teaspoon of honey, a cup of milk. Eat food rich in vitamin E.

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Amenorrhea

What is Amenorrhea
The term amenorrhea is synonymous with absence of menstruation temporarily or permanently. If it’s permanent, it’s called “primary amenorrhea”, and “secondary amenorrhea” if it’s temporary. By “secondary amenorrhea” it is meant that the woman menstruated for a while or for period of months or years then her period ceased. If “primary amenorrhea” it means that the woman never menstruated at all usually from her 16th birth day.
Many factors have been attributed to this state of affairs. Some of these are:
The practice of birth control
The use of certain drugs for the treatment of psychosis, schizophrenia, or cancer
Too many hormone shots
The presence of hypothyroidism condition
Being too skinny or too fat
Amenorrhea normally is not dangerous to health and can be effectively treated in a lot of cases. However, to avoid the accompanying complications the conditions which are the root cause of amenorrhea must addressed.

What causes secondary amenorrhea?
Estrogen levels usually rise during menstruation. Estrogen hormone controls all the sexual and reproductive issues in women. The lining of the uterus grows and becomes thick when the estrogen level is very high. Once the uterus thickens the woman’s body releases an egg into an ovary. Once there’s no sperm available to fertilize the egg, it ruptures. Because of this, the estrogen level drops, and the woman sheds the extra blood, together with the thickened, but now useless, uterine lining through the vagina. This is just the normal and ideal process or cycle. Nevertheless, many occurrences and circumstances may factor in to disrupt this process.

Hormonal imbalances are the most common factor in this area. Events that can cause this imbalance include, but not limited to:
If your pituitary gland has tumors
If your thyroid gland is overactive
 If your estrogen levels are not high enough
If your testosterone levels are high

Birth control hormones enhance amenorrhea.  Birth control shots and pills may result in you missing your menstrual periods. Certain chemotherapeutic and antipsychotic drugs can set up amenorrhea. Your body may have some structural problems.
Structural problems like anorexia, hypothalamic problems, breast feeding, improper eating routine, ovarian malfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome, pregnancy, pituitary gland diseases hormonal instability may intervene to set up amenorrhea.

Polycystic ovary syndrome leads to a level of hormonal instability that triggers the development of ovarian cysts. However, ovarian cysts are not harmful or cancerous but are capable of causing amenorrhea. Scarred tissues that develop from pelvic infections or multiple D and C operations can hamper menstruation. During D and C procedures, the cervix is dilated, while the uterine lining is scrapped with a curette. This procedure is also utilized to evacuate extra tissue from the uterus, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of uterine bleeding.

The factors of Lifestyle
If you are too fat or too thin you may stop menstruating.
Athletes who train extremely hard may end up getting 15 per cent less body fat.
Emotional stress can possibly cause amenorrhea. The body usually responds to stress and anxiety.

Symptoms of secondary amenorrhea
The principal symptom is that you miss several menstrual periods successively.
This may be followed by riot of acne and pimples
Your vagina gets dry
Your voice deepens
Hair grows excessively on unwanted spots, especially the face
You have frequent headaches
Your vision changes
Your nipple discharges liquid
You begin to gain or lose weight
You begin to lose hair

Diagnosing amenorrhea
The first thing your doctor does is to perform a pregnancy test to ascertain whether your period you missed is as a result of pregnancy. It’s only pregnancy has been excluded that your doctor can perform other tests. The series of tests are intended to measure the levels of hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and others in your blood.
Your may also consider imaging tests like MRI, CT scans, and ultrasound as important in your case. The doctor may check to ascertain that there are no cysts growing in your ovary. 
Your doctor may also advise the hysteroscopy, ovary function, and thyroid function tests be included.

Risk factors of Amenorrhea
The risk factors include stress, thyroid, and weight loss problems

Complications of Amenorrhea
There may be osteoporosis and infertility complications

Precautions and Prevention of Amenorrhea
Emotional stress should be as much as possible avoided
 Avoid smoking or tobacco related habits
Normal body weight should be maintained
Your diet should be low in fat
Work out regularly

Treatment for amenorrhea
Owing to the underlying factors that affect your condition the treatment for amenorrhea differs from one person to another. Synthetic or supplemental hormones can be used to stabilize you your hormonal imbalance.  Your doctor may advise that they use surgery to remove any attachments to your uterus, your scar tissue, or your ovarian cysts that cause your periods to stop flowing; or that you modify your lifestyle to take care of your body weight, example, exercises and eating routine.

Homeopathic Treatment of Amenorrhea
The medications of homeopathy are well tolerated in the menstrual problems known as amenorrhea. Homeopathy seeks cure for the individual as a whole, correcting all imbalances in the person, and stepping up the person’s energy flow and immunity level. It also surveys the patient’s medical history, including her stress factor, environment, lifestyle, and family and provides lasting solution to her amenorrhea. Some of the drugs used in homeopathic treatments include: conium, Senecio A, Calcarea carbonic, Aurum M, Pulsatilla, and Sepia.

Acupuncture and Acupressure Treatment of Amenorrhea
What acupuncture does is to activate the energy flow of the patient and evacuate all blockages. For an amenorrhea patient, the spleen meridian and the conception channel are stimulated so that blood and qi are sufficiently produced and sent to the uterus. The acupuncture stimulation of the body results in the regulation and restoration of the hormones to perform normal functions.

Psychotherapy Treatment of Amenorrhea
Psychotherapy helps patients whose problems are related to stress. Reduction of stress is beneficial to patients who have either primary or secondary amenorrhea.

Conventional and Allopathic Treatment of Amenorrhea
Conventional treatment involves the administration of progesterone and estrogen to induce the resumption of the periods. Osteoporosis is often prevented with the prescription of estrogen supplements.

Surgical Treatment of Amenorrhea
Additional problems required for surgery here may be a minor surgery to open an intact hymen for the purpose of evacuating the menstrual fluid through the vagina. Surgery may also be needed for the treatment of pituitary disorders or the correction of malformed reproductive organs.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Amenorrhea
Take food high in fiber.
Try to void too much coffee, packaged or processed food

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Patient's Feedback

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Phone: +91-11-26164016, 46026700
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and

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Alzheimer’s Disease

What is Alzheimer’s disease?
The brain disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, was named after a German doctor, Alois Alzheimer, who in 1906 first described the disease. Anyone who has this disease has within their brain a cortical tissue atrophy. With this disease, the brain slowly but progressively degenerates, impairing seriously memory and thinking.

Causes and risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease
There hasn’t been a single cause of this disorder determined yet by experts, even though some risk factors have been identified which influence the chances of one developing it.
Family origin: If someone has developed this disease within your immediate family, chances are you will develop it.
Age: Generally, quite a good number of individuals who have Alzheimer’s disease start from 65 years of age.
Genetic Factor: Some genes have been traced to this disease.
It’s very important to note that possessing any of the risk factors does not mean you must develop Alzheimer’s disease. A combination of factors plays a vital role which may be genetic or environmental. Your doctor stands a better chance of explaining to you your chances of developing it. Some additional risk factors exist.
Being exposed for a long time to electromagnetic fields and harmful chemicals can lead to this disease. Also heart disease and heart surgery can cause the disorder, and so will cancer, depression, and diabetes. Moreover, drinking too much alcohol and caffeine, as well as a long –term battle with cholesterol and high blood pressure are potential risk factors.

Diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease
Examining the deceased brain tissue is the only sure and definite way to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease. However, your cerebral faculties can still be accessed by your doctor, using other tests and exams to diagnose dementia and exclude other possible conditions. Starting with your medical history, your doctor would like to know the symptoms you feel, medical history of your family, conditions of your health, your medications, your diet and lifestyle, including your drinking habit. Your mental status will be taken with some tests to access your orientation, sense of place and time, long and short-term memory.

Your doctor will also perform some physical examination tests. Through this, information about your blood pressure, temperature, and heart rate will be obtained. Your urine and blood samples will also be collected and tested. A neurological test to rule out other diagnosis like Parkinson’s disease will be performed. And so will brain studies by MRI, your reflexes, speech, tone, be tested. The stages of the tests are:
1: Object Memory Test to document your intellectual capacities.
2: Loss of intellectual capacities has led to disabilities.
3: Doctors obtain history of your ailment from family members, and then perform medical, neurological and psychological tests.

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
The common symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease are the following.
The patient cannot understand spatial order and images.
The patient’s judgment and decision making ability is very poor.
The patient withdraws from events and society.
There is loss of memory.
The patient can’t solve any problems or plan anything
There’s personality and mood swing
The patient can’t remember names of objects or people
Patient loses track of time, date and place
Patient rarely retraces objects once misplaced

Complications of Alzheimer’s disease
The patient may suddenly stop breathing
The patient becomes unreasonably violent
Patient may attempt suicide
Patient experiences emotional and physical abuse
The patient may suffer coronary disease
Patient experiences general poor health
The patient may suffer some infections
Evenings bring withdrawal and agitation
Patient may suffer from loss of water and malnutrition


Precautions and Prevention of Alzheimer’s disease
Patient should regularly work out.
They should consume veggies and fruits.
They should be involved in social activities.
Patients should always try and learn new things

Treating Alzheimer’s disease
No known drug has yet been developed for Alzheimer’s disease. All the doctors do is to recommend for you behavior modifying medications in order to ease your suffering and set back the diseases’ progression. During the early stage of your disorder, your doctor can prescribe such medications as donepezil or rivastigmine in order to aid your memory. Doctors do well to recommend drugs that soothe your depression, anxiety, psyche, agitation, hallucinations and restlessness.
It’s accepted in many quarters that vitamin E can help you. Your family members can set tasks to help your focus, limit your confusion, help you avoid confrontation, help you get sufficient daily rest, and stay calm.

Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Homeopathic Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Homeopathy provides natural cure for this disease. Here the physician understands the patient and their ailments much more deeply, both from the point of view of the symptoms, diagnostic and genetic background. This is because homeopathy caters to the medical need of the patient as a human being in relation with their problem. From this backdrop, appropriate medication is selected for the individual patient. Arnica, Nux M, Alumina, Barayta Carb, and Zinc are a few of the homeopathic medicines for Alzheimer’s disease.

Acupuncture and Acupressure Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Acupressure is a form of massage in which the practitioners utilize their fingers to cause the stimulation of the “acupoints.” This was the observation of Dr Li-Chan Lin of National Yang-Ming University in Taipei. This treatment has the immediate effect of calming the patients’ behavior and starving their aggression and agitation episodes during the period of the four-week treatment.

Psychotherapy and Hypnotherapy Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
This technique of treatment helps freshly diagnosed patients handle periods of anger and anxiety caused by this ailment. Psychotherapy helps patients snap out of depression, and improve their outlook and care. Moreover, this therapy helps to stimulate appreciation of art and dance in the patient. •

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Patients should consume berries and green veggies
Patients should eat many small meals daily.
Patients should eat foods rich in vitamin B12 and D
Patients should keep their distance from processed nourishments
Green teas are healthy to the brain.

Other Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Other treatments for Alzheimer’s disease include yoga. Yoga helps those who have this disorder quite a lot. This exercise has been observed to produce excellent results by restraining and controlling the uneven strains of Alzheimer’s disease and its counterpart, the Parkinson’s disease. The patients are bound to feel better if they should practice all the disciplines received from Yoga, including recovering from stoop.

  
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Ethos Healthcare
Email : contactethos@gmail.com
Phone: +91-11-26164016, 46026700
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www.ethosbodyandmindclinic.com

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