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Tuesday, January 23, 2018

Actinic Keratosis

What is Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis, or solar keratosis, is a rough, scaly growth on your skin that develops from long periods of exposure to the sun. It is a pre-cancerous lesion of the skin, formed due to long-term exposure to UV light rays. It is found commonly on parts typically exposed to the sun, such as the face, lips, ears, hands, forearms, scalp and neck.

Symptoms of Actinic Keratosis
The condition can present itself in scaly, crusty, sandpaper-textured group of patches on the skin. Symptoms include the appearance of a rough, dry or scaly patch of skin, usually less than an inch; a bump on the top layer of the skin which may later develop into a hard, wart-like surface, and which changes in color ranging from pink to red to brown, or flesh-colored, and experiencing itching or burning in the affected area. In addition, if the area feels painful when fingers or clothes rub against them, it may be actinic keratosis.

Causes of Actinic Keratosis
Frequent or intense exposure to sun. This is different from regular sunburn, which appears due to short-term exposure to the sun. This condition develops over extensive exposure to the sun’s UV light.

Risk factors of Actinic Keratosis
Certain factors can trigger and aggravate the development and appearance of actinic keratosis. For example, people with HIV, people with lighter skin and hair coloring, people with weak immune systems, people with a personal history of an actinic keratosis or skin cancer, people aged 40 and over, people with a long history of sunburn or extreme exposure to sun, people living in a sunny or hot environment, people who use tanning beds and people who burn in the sun more easily are all at risk of developing actinic keratosis.

Complications of Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis is precancerous, which means developing this condition can increases your risk of developing skin cancer. If left untreated or allowed to worsen over time, there is a small chance that the actinic keratosis can form into squamous cell carcinoma, which is a type of skin cancer.

Diagnosis of Actinic Keratosis
Your doctor may look for actinic keratosis by inspecting your skin for red scales, raised or crusty patches, sandpaper-like texture and also checking the size of the patch.
Apart from a visual test, the doctor may also conduct a skin biopsy to make sure the condition is just a keratosis and has not developed into skin cancer.

The skin’s appearance can provide several indicators to the medical specialist and he person who has great knowledge of this area, looking for signs of actinic keratosis, including abnormal keratinocytes, altered cellular polarity, nuclear atypia, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis of the epidermis and irregular acanthosis.


Precautions and Prevention of Actinic Keratosis
It is important to be aware of how much sun exposure you are getting on a daily basis. Since
actinic keratosis develops over a long period, it may not be easy to spot early on. It is important to reduce sun exposure especially between 10 am and 3 pm, wear protective clothes such as hats and clothes that cover the body while out in the sun, and apply sunscreen before going out. Prolonged exposure to tanning beds is also dangerous.

Treatment of Actinic Keratosis
The treatment for actinic keratosis is based on how much area on the skin is covered by the dry, scaly growth, and how severe the condition is. These include homeopathic treatment of actinic keratosis, treatment through conventional or allopathic means, surgical procedures, dietary and herbal treatments, and others.

Homeopathic Treatment of Actinic Keratosis
Homeopathy can protect the skin and also can help in revitalizing the skin. This treatment focuses on the patient as a person, basing the treatment on the individual’s lifestyle as well as their pathological condition. It aims to naturally find and cure the root cause of the growth. Some common homeopathic medicines used for actinic keratosis are Arg Nit, Peroleum, Kali sulph and Secale.

Surgical Treatment of Actinic Keratosis
Several surgical options are used for the removal of actinic keratosisand are the important things. These include cryotherapy, which involves the use of liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy the precancerous lesions; curettage and electrodessication, during which precancerous lesions are scraped away with a curette (a semi-sharp, scoop-shaped surgical instrument); and
cosmetic resurfacing procedures, which include chemical peels, dermabrasion and ablative laser resurfacing.

There are few side effects to these procedures as well. For example we can say- after cryotherapy, the side effects may include changes to your skin texture, blisters, infection, scarring and discoloration seen in the area where the procedure was conducted.

Allopathic or Conventional treatments
Medications and ointments recommended for the treatment of actinic keratosis include topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod cream, ingenol mebutate gel and topical diclofenac gel. The creams and gels are applied directly to affected areas of the skin, so it is important to consult your doctor before starting this treatment.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Actinic Keratosis
Natural herbs and treatments including green tea and ginkgo biloba, which has anti-oxidant and skin-protecting properties, can help in the prevention of actinic keratosis. Applying wet green tea bags on the areas of damage can help soothe the burning sensation and skin damage. Herbal extracts such as milk thistle powder or liquid extract can also be taken to get protection from the sun. Other useful natural remedies include lemon juice, onion juice, apple cider vinegar, castor oil and aloe vera.

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