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Tuesday, January 23, 2018

Acute Pancreatitis

What is Acute Pancreatitis?
Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas, usually associated with severe upper abdominal pain. The pancreas is located behind the stomach in the upper abdomen, and it produces digestive enzymes and hormones which regulate certain functions of the body. This condition can be mild and nonthreatening, but can also prove fatal if allowed to worsen. During acute pancreatitis, the pain and inflammation can usually subside quickly. Acute pancreatitis is different from chronic pancreatitis, which is recurring and persistently painful.

Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis
The most common symptom is the sudden, severe pain the upper abdomen area. Other symptoms can include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, feeling a rapid pulse, experiencing pain while coughing or breathing deeply, feeling tenderness in the abdomen area, having a high temperature, jaundice, ineffectiveness of pain killers, feeling faint, fluctuation in blood pressure, clammy skin, bloating and overall weakness.

Causes of Acute Pancreatitis
Gallstones in the gall bladder are the most common cause of acute pancreatitis. Other causes can include over consumption of alcohol, having an autoimmune disease, viral infections such as mumps, coxsackie B virus, or cytomegalovirus, having sustained an injury or having undergone surgery around the pancreas, high triglyceride levels in the blood, ingested medicines, high calcium levels in the blood and genetic conditions. There have also been a few cases of acute pancreatitis where the cause was not clear, so that is a possibility.

Risk factors of Acute Pancreatitis
Certain factors can trigger and aggravate acute pancreatitis, and these are known as risk factors. These include a previously existing injury to the pancreas, having a habit of drinking too much alcohol, gallstones, cigarette smoking, hereditary issues, having undergone kidney transplantation and even pregnancy in some cases.

Complications of Acute Pancreatitis
If left unattended or allowed to worsen, the usually mild acute pancreatitis can develop into a more serious issue. It can cause complications such as lung problems, diabetes, stomach problems, breathing problems, pancreatic infections, pancreatic cancer and even kidney failure. In addition, other effects may include low blood pressure leading to shock, damage to other parts of the body and pancreatic pseudocyst. Severe cases of acute pancreatitis can prove fatal due to the possible failure of organs.

Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis
The diagnosis of your doctor is based on a study of your medical history and symptoms, as well as checking for a history of alcohol drinking and gallbladder diseases. The medical specialist may also take certain blood tests to confirm if it is indeed acute pancreatitis. Lab tests that may be used for diagnosis include liver function tests, blood calcium test, blood glucose test, serum amylase and lipase, complete blood count and urine analysis. In addition, certain imaging tests are used to check for gallstones and other internal issues. These include x-rays of the chest, ultrasound exams, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and CT scan to detect inflammation.

Precautions &Prevention of Acute Pancreatitis
Certain precautions and preventive measures can help to prevent further complications and help to avoid diseases like these. These include regular breathing exercises, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding alcohol consumption, not smoking and keeping a balanced diet. Mental and emotional stress can also cause issues, which is why it is important to avoid too much stress and anxiety. To prevent the formation of more gallstones, it is important to lower your blood cholesterol. If the patient has excessive alcohol consumption, it may be helpful to join a support group or treatment program.

Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
These treatments include homeopathic treatments, acupuncture and acupressure treatments, psychotherapy, conventional or allopathic treatments, surgical procedures, dietary and herbal treatments, and others. 

Homeopathic Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
Homeopathic remedies for acute pancreatitis are prescribed according to the person’s individual experience and preferences. Homeopathic remedies may help to increase the secretion of watery saliva. Certain adverse effects produced by the ingestion of these treatments may be signs that they are working. They also help to treat the burning sensation of the whole abdomen that the patient feels during the course of the illness. Some remedies used often for acute pancreatitis include Nux Vomica, iodine, belladonna, phosphorus, iris versicolor, spongia tosta, atropinum purum sulphuricum, baryta muraticum, kali iodum, and mercurious solliblis. 

Conventional or Allopathic Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
This treatment aims to make sure the pancreas heals fully and the body functions well while that process is taking place. For mild acute pancreatitis, painkillers by injection are usually needed to provide relief to the patient. Fluid may be supplied intravenously into your body to help restore blood volume. For nausea and vomiting, nasogastric tubes may be used.

 In cases of severe acute pancreatitis, there is danger of infection and severe fluid loss, for which more intensive treatment is required. Antibiotics are also used in these cases. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis are admitted into the ICU, where their pulse, blood pressure, and rate of breathing are constantly under supervision and their condition is closely monitored to prevent any severe attacks. They may also be fed through feeding tubes to provide nutrition without having to eat the food.

Surgical Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
In severe acute pancreatitis, surgery is sometimes needed when complications such as infection, cysts or bleeding occur. Surgery may also be used to remove dead tissue. If gallstones are the cause, the patient will have to undergo endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for gallstone removal. If this is the case, it is recommended that the removal of the gallbladder is conducted to prevent further pancreatic issues.

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
Certain nutrients and antioxidants can help soothe the pain and help prevent more issues. Low salt and low fat diets are also considered beneficial. Anti-oxidant rich fruits and vegetables include broccoli, kale, collards, cabbage, cauliflower, granny smith apples, lemons, limes, berries and watercress. It is also recommended to eat small frequent meals rather than large meals.

Herbs that can help with the inflammation include turmeric, ginger, cilantro, milk thistle, cinnamon, dandelion, parsley and cardamom. For post-treatment meals, coconut and palm oils are also helpful for reducing the pain.

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