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Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Bartholin's Cyst


What is a Bartholin's Cyst?
A Bartholin's Cyst is also known as the Bartholin’s duct cyst.  It is the formation of a sac filled with pus in the inner opening of the human female vagina. The treatment of the cyst is dependent on the magnitude or the size of the cyst, whether it is associated with pain or presence of infection in the cyst.

What are the symptoms of the Bartholin's Cyst?
The cyst usually forms only one side of the lips surrounding the vagina. The presence of different symptoms is related to the size of the cyst. In many females a small size cyst goes unnoticed by the patient. It can be felt as a soft, painless lump, until it has reached the size that starts effecting them. They start feeling a lump in the area surrounding the opening of the vagina. When it is noticeable by the patient it starts causing discomfort, while they do things in their normal routine like walking, sitting or running. 

The area surrounding and involved in the cyst is painful on touch which is also known as tenderness. It also goes through inflammation hence it feels hot and appears red. The fluid filled sac can be painful. Some patients feel pain during the intercourse or sex. The cyst can get fully infected in matter of few days. If the cyst gets infected the female can develop fever. The cyst can get infected by bacteria like E.coli or sexually transmitted organism like gonorrhea or chlamydia.

Causes of Bartholin's Cyst
A Bartholin’s cyst is formed when the fluid producing glands duct gets blocked. The duct can get blocked due to something obstructing its path or presence of any infection in the duct or area surrounding the duct. A Bartholin gland is a small fluid secreting gland that is the size of a pea. They are normally smaller than 1 cm. They are present on both sides of the lip (labia minora) that surround the entrance of vagina. The fluid starts accumulating in the gland, eventually increasing in size to form a cyst. 

Risk factors of Bartholin's Cyst
The chances of developing a Bartholin’s cyst are one out of every fifty sexually active women. These glands are responsible for producing and releasing fluid to provide lubrication during the intercourse.  The Bartholin’s cysts cannot form in a child who has not entered puberty and in  post-menopausal women. As the Bartholin’s gland are not working in pre-pubescent girls and they tend to shrink in post-menopausal age.

Complications of Bartholin's Cyst
The complications associated with the Bartholin’s cyst are divided into complications caused by the cyst and the complications due to the treatment of the cyst. The cyst can itself get infected forming an abscess within few days. Which causes high grade fever? Reformation of a cyst can also occur even after the treatment that is inadequate. 

Lab investigations and Diagnosis of Bartholin’s cyst
 An asymptomatic Bartholin’s cyst is mostly discovered in a routine examination conducted by a general physician. In order to diagnose the Bartholin’s cyst, the complete medical history of the patient is taken and a general physical examination is conducted to figure out the risk factors that can cause it and also the differentiate the cyst from other serious condition. A pelvic exam is also specifically done by the general physician or a gynecologist. Tests for Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are also done to rule out the bacteria. The doctor might order a biopsy to rule out any vulvar cancer. A biopsy involves taking the sample of cyst and observing it under microscope. 

Treatment of Bartholin's cyst
There are multiple approaches to treating Bartholin’s cyst. These include homeopathic treatment, treatment of Bartholin’s cyst through conventional or allopathic means, surgical procedures, dietary and herbal treatments, and others.

Homeopathic treatment of Bartholin's cyst
There are several treatments of Bartholin’s cyst. It can be treated by homeopathy. Homeopathy can help in relieving pain, tenderness or pain felt of touch and discomfort caused by the cyst. The homeopathy treatment not only focuses on the abnormality or the disease that is present, but also makes the entire body healthy. It works by improving the availability of energy in the body, it improves the capability of the body to fight against the disease also known as the immune system of the body. It makes the immune system stronger to cure the person faster. It also improves the normal physiology or functioning of the body. It tends to have a generalized effect, making the patient healthy overall. Some of the remedies used in homeopathic treatment are by using chemical compounds found in the natural sources. These include Lyc, Puls, Rhod, Sil and Calc S. 

Allopathic or Conventional treatment of Bartholin's cyst
The cyst is treated by prescribing medicines that are antibiotics to avoid infection and fight sexually transmitted disease if present in the patient. Antibiotic used is dependent on what bacteria have caused an in infection. Mostly involved bacteria are E.coli.

Surgical treatment of Bartholin's Cyst
The surgical treatment is given by a doctor. Surgical treatment involves giving a cut to the cyst or an incision in a sanitary condition to avoid introducing bacteria to the cyst and helping the cyst to drain by putting a catheter or a rubber tube in the cyst for six weeks. This makes sure that the cyst decreases in size, the fluid does not accumulate and the cyst does not close again. Antibiotics are prescribed to avoid the cut or incision site to get infected. 

Dietary and Herbal Treatment of Bartholin’s cyst
Herbal and natural remedies for this condition include tea tree oil, apple cider vinegar, turmeric with coconut oil, foods containing Vitamins C and D, and castor oil packs. 

Other Treatment of Bartholin’s cyst
This treatment can be done at home.  It is easy and cheap. If the cyst is large this treatment is not used. This involves soaking of the pelvic area in warm water for few minutes in a tub, 3-4 times a day for 3-4 days. Soaking of only the affected region in few inches or water is required. This treatment allows the cyst to burst or rupture itself and drain on its own without any medication or surgery.

Precaution and prevention of Bartholin's cyst
The formation of the cyst cannot be prevented. However occurrence of complication can be avoided. By using precautions like having safe sex and using condoms, In addition, observing and maintaining good hygiene to avoid the cyst getting infected and forming an abscess is also important. Good hygiene can be maintained by keeping the area clean and dry and changing clothes regularly.

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